A portable Raman spectrometer was used for distinguishing the characteristics of cervical cancer, cervical intraepithelial neoplasias III ( CIN III) and normal fresh cervical tissues. Based on spectral profiles, the presence of lipids ( 817, 1127, 1176, 1450.; 1769 cm(-1)) is indicated in normal tissue, and proteins (755, 1003, 1372, 1542, 1577 cm(-1)) are found in diseased tissues. Between CIN III and cervical cancer tissues, proteins (853 and 1542 cm(-1)) and nucleic acids( 1340 cm(-1)) are found to be good discrimination parameters. These three kinds of tissues have significant differences on the ability of forming hydrogen bond between dihydrogen phosphate ester groups, the relative content of DNA, the disorder of methylene, the deformation of amide I band C = O and the formation of carotenoids. These features show that Raman spectroscopy has good clinical application potential which can be used to detect cervical cancer tissues, explore the relationships and differences between cervical cancer and CIN III and diagnose cervical cancer early.